College Basketball Analytics Glossary
A complete reference to the efficiency ratings, Four Factors, and advanced metrics used to evaluate NCAA Division I basketball teams. Every stat on this page is calculated from play-by-play box score data, adjusted for opponent quality and schedule strength, and updated throughout the season. Select a category below to explore how each metric is calculated and what the benchmark values mean.
NET Ranking
NCAA’s official team evaluation metric
The NCAA Evaluation Tool (NET) replaced RPI in 2018 as the committee’s primary sorting metric for the NCAA Tournament. NET incorporates team value (game results weighted by opponent strength and game location), net efficiency, and winning percentage. Rankings are published daily from early January through Selection Sunday. A team’s NET ranking directly determines its quad classification for every game on its schedule.
Quad Record (Q1/Q2/Q3/Q4)
Wins and losses grouped by opponent quality and game location
The NCAA Selection Committee evaluates teams through a quadrant system that combines opponent NET ranking with game location. Quad 1 games are the toughest (home vs NET 1–30, neutral vs 1–50, away vs 1–75). Quad 4 games are the weakest (home vs 161+, neutral vs 201+, away vs 240+). A strong Q1 record signals a team can compete with elite opponents, while Q3/Q4 losses raise red flags. The committee weighs Q1 wins and Q4 losses most heavily.
Strength of Schedule (SOS)
Derived from average opponent NET ranking, scaled 0–100
SOS quantifies how difficult a team’s overall schedule has been by averaging the NET rankings of all opponents faced. A team playing in a power conference with a demanding non-conference slate will have a high SOS. This metric is essential context for interpreting win-loss records — a 24–8 record against a top-10 SOS is far more impressive than 28–4 against a bottom-half SOS. The NCAA committee uses SOS alongside NET and quad records to evaluate tournament resumes.
Strength of Record (SOR)
What a typical top-25 team’s record would be against this schedule
SOR answers the question: how impressive is this team’s win-loss record given the specific schedule it played? It estimates the probability that an average top-25 team would achieve the same or better record against the same opponents at the same locations. A low SOR rank indicates the team has overperformed expectations given its schedule difficulty, making it a strong complement to raw record and NET ranking.